The Impact of Interpersonal Skills, Work Attitudes, and Ethical Climate on Adaptive Performance: The Mediating Role of Employee Readiness for Change Among Employees of Pt Pln Nusantara Power
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59890/ijels.v4i7.54Keywords:
Interpersonal Skill, Work Attitude, Ethical Climate, Employee Readiness for Change, Adaptive Performance.Abstract
This study aims to examine the effect of interpersonal skill, work attitude, and ethical climate on adaptive performance with employee readiness for change among employees of PT PLN Nusantara Power. This study employed a quantitative approach involving 126 respondents and analyzed the data using Structural Equation Modeling Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS).
The results indicate that ethical climate has a positive and significant effect on employee readiness for change (t = 3.428; p = 0.001), while interpersonal skill (t = 1.698; p = 0.089) and work attitude (t = 0.501; p = 0.616) have no significant effect. Furthermore, interpersonal skill has a positive and significant effect on adaptive performance (t = 3.116; p = 0.002), whereas employee readiness for change (t = 1.625; p = 0.104) and ethical climate (t = 0.599; p = 0.549) have no significant effect on adaptive performance.
References
Alqudah, I. H. A., Carballo-Penela, A., & Ruzo-Sanmartín, E. (2022). High-performance human resource management practices and readiness for change: An integrative model including affective commitment, employees' performance, and the moderating role of hierarchy culture. European Research on Management and Business Economics, 28(1), 100177.https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S244488342100036X?via% 3Dihub
Armenakis, A. A., Harris, S. G., & Mossholder, K. W. (1993). Creating readiness for organizational change. Human Relations, 46(6), 681 703. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/001872679304600601? cf_chl_f_t k=3RgA_oCSCfBnZCQlC8jGVdSYF1f9LMJQzivIqFcLAPk-1783240089-1.0.1.1-PLVO43MjzdjoZG2wuWWbsmKxJ0pSmmenc7.jPK0jGxE
Agero, R. G., & Quines, L. A. (2022). The mediating effect of adaptability on the relationship between ethical climate and attitudes towards change. International Journal of Research in Business and Social Science, 11(9), 287
296. https://doi.org/10.20525/ijrbs.v11i9.2145
Appelbaum, E., Bailey, T., Berg, P., & Kalleberg, A. L. (2000). Manufacturing Advantage: Why High-Performance Work Systems Pay Off. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ijmr.12332
Cropanzano, R., & Mitchell, M. S. (2005). Social exchange theory: An interdisciplinary review. Journal of Management, 31(6), 874 900. https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206305279602
Deng, J., Cheng, Z., Qi, S., & Deng, R. (2023). Unravelling the relationship between perceived values congruence with organizational change readiness: A moderated mediation model. Frontiers in Psychology, 14, 1086326.
https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1086326
Emur, A. P., & Satrya, A. (2024). Examining Perceived Organizational Support, Work-Life Balance, and Role Breadth Self-Efficacy in Predicting Employee Adaptive Performance. Jurnal Manajemen Teori dan Terapan, 17(3), 486 503. https://doi.org/10.20473/jmtt.v17i3.54856
Evilina Sjaiful, Herman Susilo, & Altatit Dianawati. (2026). Pengaruh Trust dan Ethical Climate terhadap Affective Commitment dengan Employee Readiness for Change sebagai Variabel Mediasi pada PT. XYZ. Economics and Digital Business Review, 7(1), 1382 1395. https://ojs.stieamkop.ac.id/index.php/ecotal/article/view/3506/2313?
Fagerbakk, S. A., Brattland, H., Lindberg, M. S., McAleavey, A. A., & Ryum, T. (2026). Improving interpersonal skills in therapists: A waitlist-controlled trial of facilitative interpersonal and relational skills training. Psychotherapy Research, 1 15. Advance online publication. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/10503307.2026.2666652#abstr act
Hearld, L. R., Alexander, J. A., Halladay, J. R., Richards, J. E., Damschroder, L. J., Carpenter, D., & Coffman, C. J. (2021). Organizational context and the learning and change readiness climate for implementing an evidence-based shared decision-making aid in US rheumatology clinics. BMC Health Services Research, 21(1), 475. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-021-06480-7
Jiang, K., Lepak, D. P., Hu, J., & Baer, J. C. (2012). How does human resource management influence organizational outcomes? A meta-analytic investigation of mediating mechanisms. Academy of Management Journal, 55(6), 1264 1294. https://journals.aom.org/doi/abs/10.5465/amj.2011.0088?
John W. Creswell, J. W., & J. David Creswell. (2018). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches (5th ed.). SAGE Publications. https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/research-design/book255675?
Joseph F. Hair Jr., J. F., G. Tomas M. Hult, G. T. M., Christian M. Ringle, C. M., Marko Sarstedt, M., Nicholas P. Danks, N. P., & Soumya Ray, S. (2021). Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) Using R: A Workbook. Springer. https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-030-80519-7?
Jundt, D. K., & Shoss, M. K. (2023). A Process Perspective on Adaptive Performance: Research Insights and New Directions. Group & Organization Management. https://doi.org/10.1177/10596011231161404
Kehoe, R. R., & Wright, P. M. (2013). The impact of high-performance human resource practices on employees' attitudes and behaviors. Journal of Management, 39(2), 366 391. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0149206310365901?
Laporte, N., Vantilborgh, T., Baillien, E., & De Witte, H. (2021). Turning change resistance into readiness: How change agents' communication shapes recipient reactions. Journal of Business and Psychology, 36(5), 863 879. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10869-020-09722-3
Maghsoudi, S., Mohsenpour, M., & Nazif, H. (2022). Comparison of ethical decision-making and interpersonal communication skills training effects on nurses' ethical climate. Nursing Ethics, 29(2), 467 479. https://doi.org/10.1177/14777509211034139
Mingjun Yang, M., Tuan Trong Luu, T. T., Giang Hoang, G., Nicola McNeil, N., & Michael Muchiri, M. (2026). The Goldilocks Effect of Ethical Climate: How "Just Right" Levels Drive Service Innovation. Journal of Business Ethics. Advance online publication. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10551-026-06278-9?
Mladenova, I. (2022). Relation between Organizational Capacity for Change and Readiness for Change. Administrative Sciences, 12(4), 135. https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci12040135
Nandini, W., Gustomo, A., & Sushandoyo, D. (2022). The Antecedents and Consequences of Individual Adaptive Performance: A Systematic Literature Study. Bisnis & Birokrasi: Jurnal Ilmu Administrasi dan Organisasi, 29(2). https://www.researchgate.net/publication/365398201_The_Antecedents_and_ Consequences_of_Individual_Adaptive_Performance_A_Systematic_Literatu re_Study
Permatasari, Y. C., Sariwulan, T., & Herlitah. (2025). Employee readiness for change
as a mediator of trust and ethical climate in building affective commitment: Evidence from public sector relocation in Indonesia. International Journal of Innovative Research and Scientific Studies, 8(3), 3948 3959. https://doi.org/10.53894/ijirss.v8i3.7406
Potnuru, R. K. G., Sharma, R., & Sahoo, C. K. (2021). Employee Voice, Employee Involvement, and Organizational Change Readiness: Mediating Role of Commitment to Change and Moderating Role of Transformational Leadership. Vision. https://doi.org/10.1177/09722629211043962
Pulakos, E. D., Arad, S., Donovan, M. A., & Plamondon, K. E. (2000). Adaptability in the workplace: Development of a taxonomy of adaptive performance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 85(4), 612 624. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/0021-9010.85.4.612
PT PLN Nusantara Power. (2023). Company Profile PT PLN Nusantara Power. PT PLN Nusantara Power.
Quach, E. D., Kazis, L. E., Zhao, S., Ni, P., Clark, V. A., McDannold, S. E., & Hartmann, C. W. (2021). Organizational readiness to change as a leverage point for improving safety: A national nursing home survey. BMC Health Services Research, 21(1), 842. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-021-06772-y
Robbins, S. P., & Judge, T. A. (2023). Organizational Behavior (19th ed.). Pearson. Stephen Isaac, S., & William B. Michael, W. B. (1981). Handbook in Research and
Evaluation: A Collection of Principles, Methods, and Strategies Useful in the Planning, Design, and Evaluation of Studies in Education and the Behavioral Sciences (2nd ed.). EDITS Publishers. https://openlibrary.org/books/OL3793994M/Handbook_in_research_and_eval uation?.
Syarif, B. S., Raharjo, K., Ruhana, I., & Nurtjahjono, G. E. (2025). Toward adaptive organizational dynamics: Examining the influence of authentic leadership and organizational culture on organizational learning and readiness for change. KnE Social Sciences, 10(13), 147 165. https://doi.org/10.18502/kss.v10i13.18949
Trond Myklebust, T., Karoline Motland, K., Alexander Garnås, A., Roald Bjørklund, R., Cato Bjørkli, C., & Knut Inge Fostervold, K. I. (2020). An Empirical Evaluation of the Relationship Between Human Relations Climate and Readiness for Change. Scandinavian Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 5(1), Article 1.
Victor, B., & Cullen, J. B. (1988). The organizational bases of ethical work climates. Administrative Science Quarterly, 33(1), 101 125. https://doi.org/10.2307/2392857
Wahdaniah, Sucianti, R., Ambalele, E., & Tellu, A. H. (2023). Human Resource Management Transformation in the Digital Age: Recent Trends and Implications. International Journal of Applied Research and Sustainable Sciences, 1(3), 239 258. https://doi.org/10.59890/ijarss.v1i3.902
