Strengthening Students' Ecological Problem-Solving Skills through Mangrove-Based Pro-STEM ESD E-Module Learning Management
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59890/ijels.v4i6.20Keywords:
Ecological Problem Solving, E-Module, Pro-STEM ESD, Mangrove, Ecological Literacy, Sustainable Education, STEM Learning.Abstract
The strengthening of students' ecological problem-solving skills is increasingly required in response to the growing demands of sustainable education, environmental literacy, and locally contextualized learning. Mangrove ecosystems are relevant learning contexts because they contain issues of conservation, biodiversity, climate change, and sustainability that can be integrated into STEM- and ESD-based science learning. This article aims to synthesize empirical evidence on ecological learning, e-modules, STEM/STEAM, ESD, and environmental contexts as a basis for developing a mangrove-based Pro-STEM ESD e-module learning management model. A systematic literature review was conducted using the PRISMA guidelines. The search was carried out in the Scopus database using keywords related to students, education, learning, environmental, sustainability, STEM, problem solving, digital, module, and ecology. From 125 initial documents, screening based on publication year, article type, language, open access status, abstract relevance, DOI, research design, and primary data resulted in 10 included articles. The findings indicate that students' ecological problem-solving skills can be strengthened through problem-based learning, inquiry, projects, research teamwork, STEM/STEAM teaching materials, digital modules, and authentic environmental experiences. Effective e-modules do not merely serve as media for presenting content, but also function as systems for managing learning activities, observation, analysis, reflection, solution assessment, and collaboration. This review contributes as a preliminary study and conceptual foundation for developing a contextual, collaborative, and sustainability-oriented mangrove-based Pro-STEM ESD e-module learning model.
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